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Comparison of Level of thyroid hormone between pregnant and non-pregnant women

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Original Article

Author Details : Raghav Nepalia, Renuka Z Lal

Volume : 3, Issue : 2, Year : 2016

Article Page : 214-226

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Abstract

Background: The thyroid diseases hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are relatively common in pregnancy and important to treat. During pregnancy, if you have pre-existing hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, you may require more medical attention to control these conditions during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester.
Aims & Objective: To know optimum values of T₃, T₄ and TSHduring various trimesters of pregnancy. To find rise/fall in values with increasing duration of pregnancy. To compare thyroid profile values of pregnancy cases with the non-pregnant.
Methodology: The present case control study was conducted on 100 patients (obstetric cases) attended and managed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology attached to Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. The results of the patients were compared with 100 age matched control females having gynaecological problems (with normal thyroid). Fasting blood sample was investigated for the following parameters: T₃ (Triiodothyronine). T₄ (Thyroxine). TSH (Thyrotropin Stimulating Hormone), FT3, FT4 and Hemoglobin(Hb). P-value was calculated by using online student t-test calculator.
Result: All the cases of the control group had normal T₃ values. Values below normal were noted in one case each of I and III trimester and normal values were noted in 80.27 per cent in I trimester, 54.75 per cent in II and 55.28 per cent in the III trimester. Only 18.30 per cent cases of I trimester had raised values of T₃ while same was observed in 44.03 per cent in II and 43.51 per cent in III trimester. Variable values of T₄ were observed in various trimesters of pregnancy. Values of T₄ were below normal in 2.81 per cent in I, 1.20 per cent in II and 1.14 per cent in the III trimester. On the other hand in II and III trimester T₄ values were higher than normal in 6.02 per cent and 40.22 per cent respectively. TSH value below normal (0.27?IU/dl) were observed in 2 cases in I and II trimester each while normal values were noted in most of the cases i.e. 77.45 per cent  in I, 71.41 per cent  in II and 83.31per cent  in III trimester. Fluctuating values of TSH above 4.2 ?IU/dl were observed in 19.71per cent in I, 26.18per cent in II and 16.66 per cent in the III trimester.
Conclusion: T₃ values increased during pregnancy significantly more so in II trimester. T₄ values were less during I trimester particularly at par during II trimester and increased during III trimester. Raised TSH values were observed during pregnancy as compared to non-pregnant women. Significant increase was observed during II trimester.

 

How to cite : Nepalia R, Lal R Z, Comparison of Level of thyroid hormone between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Int J Clin Biochem Res 2016;3(2):214-226

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