Association of blood glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels with glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study

• Author Details:   
• Ayush Anand
• Ipsita Bhattacharyya
• Ankita Bhattacharya
• Pinaki Saha ^*
• Debmalya Sanyal
• Projesh Mandal
• Soumyajit Ghosh
• Dikcha Chettri

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Introduction: Increased Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a crucial indicator for inappropriate or inadequate diabetes care in patients with type 2 diabetes since it indicates inadequate long-term glycemic control. Serum ferritin, an indicator of iron stores, can be elevated due to chronic inflammation or iron overload, conditions that are not uncommon in diabetes. G6PD (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) deficiency, while less directly related to diabetes control, can influence oxidative stress and redox status, potentially affecting overall diabetic complications.

Aims & Objectives: The study aims to investigate whether there is a significant correlation between Serum Ferritin, G6PD, and HbA1c in cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal healthy controls.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Endocrinology at KPC Medical College. 42 patients, aged 18 to 80 years, with type 2 diabetes mellitus, diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, were selected as cases. All are newly diagnosed patients without any comorbidities. An equal number of age and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited as controls.

Results: Significant negative correlations have been observed both between G6PD and HbA1c [r = (-0.84), p<0.001] and G6PD and serum ferritin values [r = (-0.76), p<0.001]. A significant positive correlation has been observed between serum ferritin and HbA1c values (r =0.97, p<0.001). In this study, an increase in HbA1c is associated with a decrease in the serum levels of G6PD (negatively correlated) and an increase in serum ferritin (positively correlated).

Conclusion: Elevated ferritin can be used as a marker for glycemic control in diabetic patients, while G6PD status is relevant for managing oxidative stress-related complications.