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Comparing the effectiveness of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen, and TRUS guided prostate biopsy, in the detection of prostate cancer

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Original Article

Author Details : S Venkata Krishna, S Radha Rani, P Usha Kiran*

Volume : 11, Issue : 4, Year : 2024

Article Page : 248-253

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcbr.2024.037

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Abstract

Introduction: Prostate cancer has been the most common malignancy in men accounting for one fourth of cancers. Use of Trans rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in men with an abnormal PSA and/or digital rectal examination acting as a guide to direct prostate biopsies will lead to decrease in number of early deaths
Materials and Methods: It is a prospective observational study.All the patients attending the Urology Out patient Department with a suspicion of Ca prostate from clinical signs and symptoms were clinically evaluated using Digital Rectal Examination and screened for serum PSA levels. All the patients in whom abnormality was detected on DRE and/or an elevated serum PSA level were included in the study and TRUS biopsy was done. The statistical analysis was executed by SPSS version 20 continuous variables were analyzed with student t -test.
Results: The present study includes 95 men in whom abnormality detected in DRE or in the levels of serum PSA.10 core biopsy was done in 53 patients and 16 core biopsy was done in 42 patients. Among the total number of patients subjected to TRUS guided prostate biopsy either 10 core or 16 core, 31 patients detected with prostatic adenocarcinoma which accounts for 32.6%, 12 patients had High grade PIN accounting for 12.62%, 30 patients (31.57%) detected with fibroadenoleiomyomatous hyper plasia, 5 patients had fibroadenoleiomyomatous hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis which is 5.20% and chronic prostatitis is found in 15 patients attributing to 15.78%.
Conclusion: Cancer detection rate with abnormalities in PSA alone was found to be 15% while it was 70% when both DRE and PSA showed abnormal results which is significantly higher. It shows that both DRE and PSA has to be considered while estimating the cancer rate. Detection rate with 16 core TRUS guided biopsy is 54.76% which is significantly (P value 0.0037) higher than that of 10 core biopsy (15.09 %).
 

Keywords: 10 core TRUS guided biopsy, 16 core TRUS biopsy, Carcinoma prostrate, Prostate specific antigen, Digital rectal examination

How to cite : Krishna S V, Rani S R, Kiran P U, Comparing the effectiveness of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen, and TRUS guided prostate biopsy, in the detection of prostate cancer. Int J Clin Biochem Res 2024;11(4):248-253

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